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Why Do I Need to Know My Asthma Triggers?

by Kathleen MacNaughton, R.N.
for About.com

Updated: August 1, 2008

About.com Health's Disease and Condition content is reviewed by the Medical Review Board

Question: Why Do I Need to Know My Asthma Triggers?

After you get a diagnosis of asthma, all you hear is about identifying your asthma triggers. Seasonal triggers, airborne triggers, irritant triggers – what is the difference between them and why should you care anyway?

Answer: The reason you need to know your asthma triggers is because doing so is the first step to asthma control. Asthma triggers are things that set off asthma symptoms or asthma attacks. Most commonly, triggers are present in the air, so that they are easy to breathe in. Examples are allergens such as pollen and dust, and also irritants such as smoke, perfumes, and chemical fumes. Triggers can also include extreme weather, exercise and even emotional stress.

The reality is that almost anything can act as an asthma trigger when your body's immune system misinterprets a harmless substance as a threat and initiates an overreaction. This results in inflammation of your airways, which is what causes your asthma symptoms.

The most effective way to control asthma is by avoiding those things that trigger your symptoms. It's hard to do that effectively unless you know what your specific asthma triggers are. Because triggers can vary so much from person to person, although there are commonalities, it's important not to make assumptions about yours.

Instead, carefully track when and where your asthma symptoms occur, and eventually you will begin to get a sense of what your asthma triggers may be. Allergy testing can help confirm some kinds of allergic asthma triggers, if necessary.

Sources:

"Expert Panel Report 3: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma." NHLBI Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Asthma. 28 Aug 2007. National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. 18 Dec. 2007 <http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/asthma/asthgdln.pdf>

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